Arthur Miller’s finest work Essay

The Crucible was written in 1952, and is considered to be Arthur Miller’s finest work not only because of the captivating story and impressive dramatic techniques but also because of the subtle parallels it draws with the events of the time. In the USA in the 1950s, the country was terrified of communism. This prompted the McCarthy era, in which anyone suspected of holding communist views or sympathies could suffer nasty consequences, including losing their job, or being excluded from certain places. The play is set in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts during the height of the mass hysteria surrounding witchcraft. At the start of act three, Martha Corey is accused of reading fortunes. In this scene, we get a good look at each of the court officials. Both Hathorne and Parris are desperate to be part of the proceedings. Hathorne repeatedly calls for witnesses to be questioned or held in contempt, only to be ignored by Danforth. This shows the audience that Hathorne’s opinions mean nothing, but it also shows us the power Danforth wields, not only over the population of Salem, but also over his own partners. There are many moments in the play when Hathorne and Parris get ignored or disrespected by Danforth, but early on in act three Hathorne asks Giles Corey ‘Are you gone daft, Corey? ‘ Corey replies ‘You’re not a Boston judge yet. You’ll not call me daft! ‘ This shows the difference in standing between the two men, as Danforth would never stand for being scolded in such a way. Reverend Parris is shown similar disrespect by Danforth, as he is continually interrupted. This is also done by Giles Corey when he cuts Parris off mid-sentence and says ‘I am asked the question, and I am old enough to answer it. ‘ This is also the first time in the act we see Hale’s attitude begin to waver. When Danforth refuses to hear Corey’s evidence Hale pleads ‘Excellency, he claims to have hard evidence for his wife’s defence. I think that in all justice you must-‘ He is then cut off by Danforth.

Alfred Binet and His Life

Binet attended law school in Paris, and received his degree in 1878. He also studied Natural Sciences at the Sorbonne. His first formal job was as a researcher at a neurological clinic, Salpetriere Hospital, in Paris from 1883 – 1889. From there, Binet went on to being a researcher and associate director of the Laboratory of Experimental Psychology at the Sorbonne from 1891 – 1894. In 1894, he was promoted to being the director of the laboratory until 1911 (his death). After receiving his law degree in 1878, Alfred Binet began to study science at the Sorbonne.However, he was not overly interested in his formal schooling, and started educating himself by reading psychology texts at the National Library in Paris. He soon became fascinated with the ideas of John Stuart Mill, who believed that the operations of intelligence could be explained by the laws of associationism. Binet eventually realized the limitations of this theory, but Mill's ideas continued to influence his work. In 1883, years of unaccompanied study ended when Binet was introduced to Charles Fere, who introduced him to Jean Charcot, the director of a clinic called La Salpetriere. Charcot became his mentor and in turn, Binet accepted a job offer at the clinic. During his seven years there, any and every of Charcot's views were accepted unconditionally by Binet. This of course, was where he could have used the interactions with others and training in critical thinking that a University education provided. In 1883, Binet began to work in Jean-Martin Charcot's neurological laboratory at the Salpetriere Hospital in Paris. At the time of Binet's tenure, Charcot was experimenting with hypnotism. Binet was strongly influenced by this great man, and published four articles about his work in this area. Unfortunately, Charcot's conclusions did not hold up under professional scrutiny, and Binet was forced to make an embarrassing public admission that he had been wrong in supporting his teacher. When his intrigue with hypnosis waned as a result of failure to establish professional acceptance, he turned to the study of development spurred on by the birth of his two daughters, Madeleine and Alice (born in 1885 and 1887, respectively). In the 21 year period following his shift in career interests, Binet â€Å"published more than 200 books, articles, and reviews in what now would be called experimental, developmental, educational, social, nd differential psychology† (Siegler, 1992). Bergin and Cizek (2001) suggest that this work may have influenced Jean Piaget, who later studied with Binet's collaborator Theodore Simon in 1920. Binet's research with his daughters helped him to further refine his developing conception of intelligence, especially the importance of attention span and suggestibility in intellectual development. Despite Binet's extensive research interests and wide breadth of publications, today he is most widely known for his contributions to intelligence. Wolf (1973) postulates that this is the result of his not being affiliation with a major university. Because Binet did not have any formalized graduate study in psychology, he did not hold a professorship with a prestigious institution where students and funds would be sure to perpetuate his work (Siegler, 1992). Additionally, his more progressive theories did not provide the practical utility that his intelligence scale would evoke. Binet and his coworker Fere discovered what they called transfer and they also recognized perceptual and emotional polarization. Binet and Fere thought their findings were a phenomenon and of utmost importance. After investigations by many, the two men were forced to admit that they were wrong about their concepts of transfer and polarization. Basically, their patients had known what was expected, what was supposed to happen, and so they simply assented. Binet had risked everything on his experiment and its results, and this failure took a toll on him. In 1890, Binet resigned from La Salpetriere and never mentioned the place or its director again. His interests then turned toward the development of his children, Madeleine and Alice, who were two years apart. This research corresponds with that done by Jean Piaget just a short time later, regarding the development of cognition in children. A job presented itself for Binet in 1891 at the Laboratory of Physiological Psychology at the Sorbonne. He worked for a year without pay and by 1894, he took over as the director. This was a position that Binet held until his death, and it enabled him to pursue his studies on mental processes. While directing the Laboratory, Theodore Simon applied to do doctoral research under Binet's supervision. This was the beginning of their long, fruitful collaboration. During this time he also co-founded the French journal of psychology, L'Annee psychologique, serving as the director and editor-in-chief. n 1899, Binet was asked to be a member of the Free Society for the Psychological Study of the Child. French education changed profusely during the end of the nineteenth century, because of a law that passed which made it mandatory for children ages six to fourteen to attend school. This group to which Binet became a member hoped to begin studying children in a scientific manner. Binet and many other members of the society were appointed to the Commission for the Retarded. The question became â€Å"What should be the test given to children thought to possibly have learning disabilities, that might place them in a special classroom? † Binet made it his problem to establish the differences that separate the normal child from the abnormal, and to measure such differences. L'Etude experimentale de l'intelligence (Experimental Studies of Intelligence) was the book he used to describe his methods and it was published in 1903. Development of more tests and investigations began soon after the book, with the help of a young medical student named Theodore Simon. Simon had nominated himself a few years before as Binet's research assistant and worked with him on the intelligence tests that Binet is known for, which share Simon's name as well. In 1905, a new test for measuring intelligence was introduced and simply called the Binet–Simon scale. In 1908, they revised the scale, dropping, modifying, and adding tests and also arranging them according to age levels from three to thirteen. In 1904 a French professional group for child psychology, La Societe Libre pour l'Etude Psychologique de l'Enfant, was called upon by the French government to appoint a commission on the education of retarded children. The commission was asked to create a mechanism for identifying students in need of alternative education. Binet, being an active member of this group, found the impetus for the development of his mental scale. Binet and Simon, in creating what historically is known as the Binet-Simon Scale, comprised a variety of tasks they thought were representative of typical children's abilities at various ages. This task-selection process was based on their many years of observing children in natural settings. They then tested their measurement on a sample of fifty children, ten children per five age groups. The children selected for their study were identified by their school teachers as being average for their age. The purpose of this scale of normal functioning, which would later be revised twice using more stringent standards, was to compare children's mental abilities relative to those of their normal peers (Siegler, 1992). The scale consisted of thirty tasks of increasing complexity. The easiest of these could be accomplished by all children, even those who were severely retarded. Some of the simplest test items assessed whether or not a child could follow a lighted match with his eyes or shake hands with the examiner. Slightly harder tasks required children to point to various named body parts, repeat back a series of 3 digits, repeat simple sentences, and to define words like house, fork or mama. More difficult test items required children to state the difference between pairs of things, reproduce drawings from memory or to construct sentences from three given words such as â€Å"Paris, river and fortune. † The hardest test items included asking children to repeat back 7 random digits, find three rhymes for the French word obeisance and to answer questions such as â€Å"My neighbor has been receiving strange visitors. He has received in turn a doctor, a lawyer, and then a priest. What is taking place? † (Fancher, 1985). For the practical use of determining educational placement, the score on the Binet-Simon scale would reveal the child's mental age. For example, a 6 year-old child who passed all the tasks usually passed by 6 year-olds–but nothing beyond–would have a mental age that exactly matched his chronological age, 6. 0. (Fancher, 1985). Binet was forthright about the limitations of his scale. He stressed the remarkable diversity of intelligence and the subsequent need to study it using qualitative, as opposed to quantitative, measures. Binet also stressed that intellectual development progressed at variable rates and could be influenced by the environment; therefore, intelligence was not based solely on genetics, was malleable rather than fixed, and could only be found in children with comparable backgrounds (Siegler, 1992). Given Binet's stance that intelligence testing was subject to variability and was not generalizable, it is important to look at the metamorphosis that mental testing took on as it made its way to the U. S. While Binet was developing his mental scale, the business, civic, and educational leaders in the U.  S. were facing issues of how to accommodate the needs of a diversifying population, while continuing to meet the demands of society. There arose the call to form a society based on meritocracy (Siegler,1992) while continuing to underline the ideals of the upper class. In 1908, H. H. Goddard, a champion of the eugenics movement, found utility in mental testing as a way to evidence the superiority of the white race. After studying abroad, Goddard brought the Binet-Simon Scale to the United States and translated it into English. Following Goddard in the U. S. ental testing movement was Lewis Terman who took the Simon-Binet Scale and standardized it using a large American sample. The new Standford-Binet scale was no longer used solely for advocating education for all children, as was Binet's objective. A new objective of intelligence testing was illustrated in the Stanford-Binet manual with testing ultimately resulting in â€Å"curtailing the reproduction of feeble-mindedness and in the elimination of an enormous amount of crime, pauperism, and industrial inefficiency (p. 7)† Terman, L. , Lyman, G. , Ordahl, G. , Ordahl, L. , Galbreath, N. ; Talbert, W. (1916). The Stanford Revision and Extension of the Binet-Simon Scale for Measuring Intelligence. Baltimore: Warwick ; York. (White, 2000). It follows that we should question why Binet did not speak out concerning the newfound uses of his measure. Siegler (1992) pointed out that Binet was somewhat of an isolationist in that he never traveled outside of France and he barely participated in professional organizations. Additionally, his mental scale was not adopted in his own country during his lifetime and therefore was not subjected to the same fate. Finally, when Binet did become aware of the â€Å"foreign ideas being grafted on his instrument† he condemned those who with ‘brutal pessimism' and ‘deplorable verdicts' were promoting the concept of intelligence as a single, unitary construct (White, 2000). From 1905 to 1908, Binet and Simon developed a test primarily for kids ages 3 to 15 that would compare their intellectual capabilities to other children of the same age. He did a lot of trial and error testing with students from his area. Binet studied groups of â€Å"normal† children, and also children who were mentally challenged. He had to figure out which tasks each group of students was able to complete, and what would be considered standard in the groups. The tests were held between one interviewer and one student, and determined what level of intellectual thinking the student had achieved. The invention of the intelligence test was extremely important to the field of education. Binet published the third version of the Binet-Simon scale right before he died in 1911, but it was still unfinished. If it were not for his early death, Binet surely would have continued to revise the scale. Still, the Binet-Simon scale was and is hugely popular around the world, mainly because it is easy to give and fairly brief. Since his death, many people in many ways have honored Binet, but two of these stand out. In 1917, the Free Society for the Psychological Study of the Child, to whom Binet became a member in 1899 and which prompted his development of the intelligence tests, changed their name to La Societe Alfred Binet, in memory of the renowned psychologist. The second honor was not until 1984, when the journal Science 84 picked the Binet-Simon scale, as one of twenty of this century's most significant developments or discoveries. He studied sexual behavior, coining the term erotic fetishism to describe individuals whose sexual interests in nonhuman objects, such as articles of clothing. He also studied abilities of Valentine Dencausse, the most famous chiromancer in Paris in those days.References http://www.mhhe.com/mayfieldpub/psychtesting/profiles/binet.htm http://www.indiana.edu/~intell/binet.shtml

Bargaining Power Of Buyers Marketing Essay

Bargaining Power Of Buyers Marketing Essay For all kind of strategic decision making it is essential to consider number of internal and external factors so that a company can completely understand its position in strategic group it lies and which could assist the brand to device strategies which could lead the company towards the achievement of it strategic objectives in the light of it’s vision and mission statement, following is the graphical representation of the Porter’s five forces model and detailed explanation of ikea’s and h http://software–porter-five-forces.smartcode.com/images/sshots/software__porter_five_forces_18378.gif BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS: IKEA: IKEA being a giant organisation and genuinely very cost effective which ultimately reflects on its pricing strategy, that leaves the buyer with a very low or nil bargaining power Ikeas standardised approach has always made IKEA out list the competitors which leaves the consumer very little choice to consider an alternative for the prod ucts and services being offered at IKEA. H Although the production is subcontracted to different countries but IKEA has got a complete grip on its operation overseas and has a robust control and management system to stay in bargaining position with its suppliers, due to bid system adopted by IKEA the suppliers all over the world finding themselves lucky to relate to the brand always try their level best to win the bid to get a chance to produce for the market leader in furniture industry which leave the suppliers almost with no power to bargain at any occasion H 70% of the suppliers are from Asia e.g. India etc who are finding themselves in a very good scale of performance on their own records as due to H&M growing strategy to expand has resulted in more merchandise to be prepared all the time with the growing tendency of 15-20% every year, therefore suppliers in this time of utmost recession are lucky to be associated to a brand which in this era of downsizing have expansion plans which would fetch more opportunities that could be availed by thousands of more suppliers bring them don to stage where none of the suppliers have any bargaining power

Poetry essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Poetry - Essay Example Standing in the direct line of poet-critics from Philip Sydney to T.S Eliot, he hoped that literature would rise and take up the place of religion offering consolation and sustenance to man. His short poem â€Å"Dover Beach† reflects his melancholic temperament and his dismay at the retreating tide of religious faith. He extols humanity to hold fast to one another because the world is a deceptive and dangerous place, the darkness of which needs moral and spiritual enlightenment to guide people through. The poem begins with tempting description of the night-scene from the Dover Beach. The sea is described as calm, the tide full, â€Å"the moon lies fair upon the straits†, the distant lights on the French coast come on and off, the vast cliffs of England stand â€Å"glimmering†, the bay is tranquil, and the night air is sweet. The speaker invites the other to come to the window and witness the alluring scene. The poem is in the form of a talk, and there is an inevitable presence of a listener. The speaker is airing his thoughts and feelings to an intimate ‘other’ present with him. The seventh line in the first stanza of the poem marks the transition in the speaker’s mood. From the alluring description of the outside view and the invitation to share the beautiful moment with him at the window, he swiftly moves to the melancholic aspect of the repetitive sound of the waves gathering and flinging back the pebbles from the shore on their coming and retreating. He calls this â€Å"the grating roar of pebbles†. The noise is disturbing in its recurring pattern of â€Å"Begin, and cease, and then again begin†. The slow and â€Å"tremulous cadence† of the waves bring to the poet â€Å"the external note of sadness in†. Arnold uses poetic techniques like inversion to heighten the impact of his words. In the last lines of the first stanza the inversion in â€Å"with tremulous cadence slow† works wonders bringing home the

A small descriptive story Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A small descriptive story - Assignment Example quest to secure China’s territorial security from the Mongols, Emperor Qin Shu Huang led in the efforts of building the wall by uniting all leaders in the country. The Wall consists of fortifications and wall posts that are an amalgamation of heights, widths and construction materials. The defensive role of the Wall is evident through the crenulations that were used for surveying enemies and killing invaders by the soldiers. At certain points of the wall, visible reflections of China’s socio-cultural history are evident. A case in point is the Juyong pass that was constructed by a marble platform complete with sculptures of the four Heavenly deities. Furthermore, inscriptions of Buddhist incantations and 2000 sculptures are replicate on the wall. Despite, sections of the Great Wall giving way to wear and tear, much of it stands as a testament to China’s rich culture, military strength and architectural

Assignment 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Assignment 6 - Essay Example This wildfire also resulted in the death of 86 people. This wildfire was so devastating that it prompted the Congress to set aside funds to assist the National Forest Service prevent and fight wildfires. Despite the measures that have been put in place to prevent wildfires, the U.S. still, continue to suffer from the effects of wildfires. Causes of Wildfire Both human and nature are responsible for wildfires witnessed in the U.S. According to Hamilton (2010), about 90% of wildfires that burn the U.S. forests and lands are started by humans. Firstly, arson attack is responsible for most wildfires in the U.S. Arson attacks happen when an individual deliberately starts fire with the aim of destroying the land of a person perceived as an enemy. In 2010 alone, the U.S. fire department reportedly responded to about 260,000 wildfires intentionally started by arsonists (The National Fire Protection, 2013). These intentional fires resulted in at least 390 deaths, and left at least 1,340 peopl e with serious injuries. The fires also resulted in the destruction of property worth $1.2 billion. In fact, the wildfire that burnt more than 147,000 acres of land in Southern California in 2009 was caused by arson, according to the U.S. Forest Service report (CNN, 2009). This wildfire also destroyed many homes in the northern part of Los Angeles. Most wildfires in the U.S. are also caused by people burning debris. Most people in the U.S. have the habit of burning debris. However, sometimes the wind ends up blowing the debris to a dry grass and forest cover resulting in massive wildfires as has been the case in Michigan. The Michigan Fire department reveals that most wildfires in the state are caused by people burning debris (Hamilton, 2010). Smoking is also blamed for the rising incidences of wildfires in the U.S., according to Hamilton (2010). It has been observed that some wildfires are started by discarded burning cigarettes. When an individual discards a burning cigarette on a dry grass or forest, this sometimes ends up triggering a massive wildfire that result in the destruction of several acres of land. A small percentage of wildfires in the U.S. are caused by sparks from moving trains, vehicle exhaust, and heavy equipment. Some of the wildfires that burn the U.S. forests are caused by nature, such as lightning and lava. Silverstein, Silvertein, and Nunn (2009) reveal that whereas 90% of wildfires are caused by humans, the remaining 10% are caused by nature. Normally, when lightning occurs, electric currents are sent to the earth’s surface resulting in wildfires. For instance, report indicates that about half of all wildfires in Florida are stated by lightning. Lightning is also responsible for about 2% of all wildfires in Michigan. Volcanic eruption is also responsible for a significant number of wildfires in the U.S. When an eruption occurs, hot magma is through onto the earth’s surface that cools down to form lava. However, when the ho t lava encounters dry grass or leaves, this sometimes starts wildfires as noted by Silverstein, Silvertein, and Nunn (2009). The physical nature of wildfires The physical nature of wildfire is very complex and depends largely on fuel type, geographical location, humidity, moisture content, temperature of an area and topography. For a wildfire to occur, the necessary elements must be available. Firstly, an ignition source

MARKETING FINANCIAL SERVICES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

MARKETING FINANCIAL SERVICES - Essay Example Marketing tools used by the organization The marketing strategy of the organisation targets four customer groups: Personal Financial Services that includes consumer finance, Commercial Banking, Global Banking and Markets, and Private Banking. In the present financial milieu, the tools that would best persuade customers to entrust their transactions with a particular institution would be the service attributes themselves, that such service capably meets with the clientele’s most stringent requirements. The Academy of Marketing Science (2008) states that a company’s reputation is considered a marketing tool (p. 31). HSBC’s strongest marketing tool is its reputation. The conservatism associated with its brand name is a valuable asset. In a period of general public distrust in the financial system, confidence in a financial institution is the single most important factor that would determine a customer’s patronage. Another tool that HSBC relies on to attract a nd maintain its customers’ loyalty is its global presence. Most businesses in one way or another undertake commercial transactions of an international nature, which require some form of financial settlement that only a bank with strong global exposure may capably and satisfactorily discharge. Also, innovative products that timely address the market, such as HSBC’s recent launch of low interest rate, low deposit mortgage funding, have the potential of attracting demand because such products cater closely to their need. Finally, HSBC prides itself on its global expertise not only on financial matters, but also on its knowledge concerning socio-cultural considerations. Business culture happens to be closely linked with social traditions in certain countries; HSBC thus markets itself as the local global bank, referring to its local expertise coupled with global presence. Customers of the organisation, including issues Because HSBC serves a wide range of consumer and corpor ate banking interests, its customers also span the continuum from individuals in their personal finances, to non-business organisations, to small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs), to large domestic corporations, to state entities, and up to large multinationals corporations (MNCs) and conglomerates. Because of these widely divergent products serving widely different clientele, the company faces several issues having to do with its customers, that may put the bank at significant risk. The diversity of HSBC’s various markets is an important risk management factor and a source of financial strength (Greer & Kolbe, 2003) and it may be consolidated into three main business models in which it has a â€Å"natural advantage† (HSBC Annual Report and Accounts, 2009, p. 12): 1. Businesses that cater to international customers for whom connections with developing markets are critical (Global Banking and Markets, Private Banking, the major part of Commercial Banking, and the mas s affluent segment of Personal Financial Services; 2. Businesses with local customers where the efficiency of output or services may be improved by access to markets on a global scale (the small business segment of Commercial Banking, and the mass market segment of Personal Financial Services; and 3. Products which may have potential in the global market, with the assistance of the HSBC Group’s efficiency, expertise and reputation, such as the bank’

Reaction response 13 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reaction response 13 - Essay Example For instance, when students Face book in class instead of listening to the facilitator, there is a reduction on attentiveness and the focus is on the face book or social media. The ability to link with others in the society has been affected by the advent of social media. Therefore, the future of face-to-face communication is bleak and focus should be on communication improvement to ensure change in behavior. For example, in the speech Turkle discusses lady who lost his baby and was talking to a robot instead of being consoled by her friends and relatives. This scene indicates the challenge social media has brought to the society. The focus is on the new media which limits face-to-face communication and changes how we relate in the society have adverse effect on development of personal image (Macy and Thompson 93). Social media has been viewed as the best platform because it allows individuals to present themselves the way they want compared to real communication which allows the listener to develop a perspective about the presenter. Macy, Beverly and Teri Thompson. The Power of Real Time Social Media Marketing:How to Attract and Retain Customers and Grow the Bottom Line in the Globally Connected World. McGraw-Hill Professional.,

The costs and the benefits of international diversification Essay

The costs and the benefits of international diversification - Essay Example The process of international diversification enables the firms to reap in advantages like economies of scale. According to Bartlett & Ghoshal (2000) it accelerates the process of innovation besides reducing the associated costs. However there is no consistency in the empirical studies with regard to the performance advantages arising from international diversification. Various studies conducted by Buckley & Casson (1976), Caves (1982) and Rugman (1979) have drawn attention to the internationalisation theory, highlighting that the process of international diversification does not improve performance rather the leveraging of the intangible assets of the firm bring in performance advantages. This calls for advanced ways of information co-ordination and processing in order to identify and take advantage of the overseas opportunities. As per Kogut (1985b) the acquisition of this form of information co-ordination and processing requires significant investments and the gains arising from th e international diversification varies across the firms (Chari et al., 2007). ... This form of diversification enhances the market potential of the various product lines of the firms but this also gives rise to the complexities of managing a firm that is internationally diversified as well as product diversified. Research has shown that the gains from geographic and product diversification are higher in the case of media firms. It has also been seen that in the less developed economies the firms benefit more from product diversification as compared to the businesses in developed economies. The international diversification offers exploitation and exploration benefits. As per Caves (1996) by way of internationalisation the firms can achieve economies of scope and scale. Kim et al (1993) highlight that the fluctuations in the revenues of the firm can be can be reduced by distributing the investment risks across various countries. The international operations facilitate cost reduction and enhance revenue base as it strengthens the market position of the firm giving i t a strong bargaining power over the customers, suppliers and distributors. The firm may have unutilised resources therefore by way of international expansion the firm is able to achieve economies of scale. A higher production lowers the overall production costs (Lu & Beamish, 2004). Evidences have shown that top management groups that are culturally diverse are more informed about the international markets and their unconventional behaviour. The impetus for internationalisation arises from the availability of the opportunities of exploiting market imperfections from the use of intangible assets across the border. According to Buckley (1988) a business can achieve extra-normal returns by using its internal assets

Introduction to international relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to international relations - Essay Example Neo-classical realism is a combination of both classical and neo realism that accepts both system level and state level natures. Liberalism is a state level theory that believes in the goodness of society. It argues that states try to create peace and cooperation. The last theory is constructivism that claims that the reason behind a particular state behavior is the unique features of the state. Admittedly, in order to understand the America-Vietnam relation, a mere state level theory will be gravely insufficient. The best way to understand the U.S- Vietnam relation throughout the history is to analyze it in the light of a system level theory as the relation was, and is, largely shaped by the international power equations, not because of the special features existed in the nature of America or Vietnam. In addition, neither America nor Vietnam showed even the slightest hint of benevolence, thus proving the unsuitability of constructivism. Thus, the theory that can best explain the rel ation is neo-realism, and a little bit of force can make classical realism too fit for explaining the relations, though inadequate. The tenets of neo-realism Neo-realism is a system level theory and it does not take the individual character of states into consideration. According to neo-realism, the reactions of the states are the results of fluctuations in the international system. As there is no international government that controls the actions of governments, there is total anarchy in the international sphere that makes states always vulnerable to the atrocities by others. Thus, states are always in the effort to gain power in order to protect themselves. However, a rise in power and influence results in more rivalry and more unrest. In this international arena, states have no way other than either defending themselves or attacking their rivals first. A look into history will prove that the American-Vietnam relation was mainly the result of the power movements in the internation al sphere which was mainly bipolar in nature. The America-Vietnam Relation A look into history proves that the American-Vietnam relation can be better understood in the light of neo-realist perspective. The neo-realism, similar to classical realism, argues that all states try to amass power, and that while seeking to increase their own power, they seek to reduce the power of their enemies too. In addition, it is argued in the theory that such states consider other states with power as their enemies. When there is equality of power, peace exists as the players are equal in resources. According neo-realism, the nature of the international system gives birth to power struggles among nations. As Glenn, Howlett, and Poore (2004, 22) state, since there is no world government that controls the movements of national governments, there is total anarchy, and the governments do everything they can to remain secure; hence, when there is a perceived threat to their sovereignty, states either att ack first hand or defend themselves using any possible means they have access to. Admittedly, a look into the America-Vietnam relations will prove that the American intervention in Vietnam was the result of the international power relations that existed at that time, and at that point of time, US had no other option other than the military action. Admittedly, the American interest in the Far East is as old as the National

Emergency Management 6-2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Emergency Management 6-2 - Essay Example The Tropical Storm Irene, Western Massachusetts report includes the following sections: an executive summary, comparative analysis of the AAR/IPs of tropical storm Irene and the tornado. Sections A-D of the report provides a comparative analysis of the incidence in different countries: Franklin, Berkshire, Hampshire, and Hampden counties. It is evident that the plan by IEMA, 2007, is extensive in coverage of the content compared to the Tropical Storm Irene, Western Massachusetts report by WRHSAC, 2011. The two follow a general format that is acceptable according to the guidelines of reporting an emergency management plan. HSEEP influence on the after action report not only bases on the content but also in terms of format. The content in the two articles begins by identifying the areas of strength and those requiring improvement, which is in line with the guidelines offered by HSEEP. The report by IEMA, 2007, is extensive in coverage of the content compared to the Tropical Storm Irene, Western Massachusetts report. The two follow a general format that is acceptable according to the guidelines of reporting an emergency management plan. HSEEP influence on the after action report not only bases on the content but also in terms of format. The content in the two articles begins by identifying the areas of strength and those requiring improvement, which is in line with the guidelines offered by

The Devil’s Highway by Luis Alberto Urrea Essay Example for Free

The Devil’s Highway by Luis Alberto Urrea Essay Luis Alberto Urrea has done thorough research over the topic of illegal immigration and the problems people face while crossing the border before writing this book. Most of them die in the mid of their journey as they have to cross on foot which is very dangerous and involves a lot of risk. Urrea describes the situation and facts so lively that the reader gets completely involved and almost starts feeling the pain by which these men might have gone through. Urrea wants to point out that these illegal immigrants as human eings and wants them to be treated likely because the process of immigration takes us back into the history when men were needed in US to do some odd jobs that the citizens were not willing to do. Also these people could be paid less and thus helped indirectly in the economy of the country. But seeing some of the Mexicans well settled in US lot of them wanted to come and this gave rise to people like Don Moi to create mafia too. The Arizona desert is considered as the devil’s highway because it is deadly. Getting lost nd water are continuous problems that men face there. The description of different kinds of death makes the reader breathless and this looks quite close to reality as they tell their personal stories and the reasons behind why each one is risking his life. Urrea uses terms like ‘cutting the drag’ and explains the reader how these men carry themselves forward in that unimaginably strong sun and drag their body in extreme hot conditions. He also uses terms like ‘a pig at a luau’, which is used to describe the type of death these men were getting in that deadly desert due to heat. The ‘signcutters’ like Don Moi in the story takes away his cut of interest and leave the men in the way lost, as there are no signposts in the way to guide them. Urrea spends a lot of time on the point of view of the Border Petrol because he wants to show the real picture to the readers. He has done complete research work and has interviewed the various politicians on each side. Some of them are in favor of immigration while many want to build a high wall from one end to other end of Border. He wants to tell the reader that the common and poor people suffer due to this kind of politics. The two sides of the story tell the reality of both immigrants and the problems they face and activities involved at the border like patrolling and maintaining them. Urrea has very beautifully mixed the two stories and makes the reader feel the real picture behind what people actually think of. The Devil’s Highway’ is considered as literary nonfiction because it is a story based on acts and author has done a great job of blending reality with story. The facts are so well described in the pattern of story telling that reader actually feels pain and almost relive the story along with words used by writer. Urrea tells the story in a very fascinating way and even gives brief description of each individual, his life and reason why he wants to immigrate. This makes the story even more interesting and live. The book is ‘literary’ because reader is almost linked to facts through the story.

Effect of Politics on Health Care Policies

Effect of Politics on Health Care Policies How Have Political Ideologies Helped to Shape Policy in the Healthcare Arena Introduction During the late 19th and early 20th Centuries welfare and the provision of healthcare was dominated largely by a laissez-faire approach. Many people in Britain lived in impoverished and unsanitary conditions. By the time of the Boer War (1899-1902) nearly a third of all troops suffered from malnutrition and they were judged unfit to serve. This information was used by social reformers as evidence that Government ought to provide health and welfare services that were an improvement on those which existed at the time (Moore, 2002). Since then policy making has been shaped by the ideology of the Government that is in power. Different ideologies are associated with different political parties, the ones referred to in this paper are associated with Liberal and Labour Governments, Tory Government and New Labour. The ideological underpinnings of these political parties are respectively, social democratic, new right thinking and the third way. This paper will attempt to show how such ideolog ies have helped to shape policy in healthcare, beginning with social democratic policies which produced the 1942 Beveridge Report and laid the foundations for the British welfare state (Walsh et al, 2000). Post-War Social Democracy Social democracy is made up of a number of different strands but its policies are most closely associated with Labour Governments but is often subscribed to by most Liberal Democrats and some Tories. The Post-War Labour Government saw the Welfare State as central to society and one of the things that promoted social cohesion. Thus the ideologies of post-war Labour Governments are the basis of the British Welfare State (Giddens, 2001). The post-war Labour Government believed in universal welfare provision, where a high standard of welfare is available to all those who need them. This system results in what is known as an institutional model of welfare. Central to this approach is an understanding of healthcare as of a high standard, comprehensive, and available to all. Giddens (2001) notes that this kind of provision was based on the ideas of the economist John Milton Keynes and meant that Government was involved at all levels of people’s lives. The post-war welfare state was formed on an understanding that there would be full employment. The 1942 Beveridge Report recommended the introduction of a system of National Assurance. Under this system everyone paid a part of what they earned to the Government and theoretically this would finance the welfare benefits they obtained. The National Health Service grew out of the publishing of by In 1946 Anuerin Bevan introduced a National Health Services Bill from which grew the National Health Service. Underlying this was the idea that healthcare and hospitalisation would be provided free at the point of access. The National Health Service, which was established in 1948, became the envy of the Western world as people received free primary care from their local GP, free medicine, free eye and dental care and free hospitalisation. By the 1950s however, it was becoming impossible to sustain a completely free service and the Government were forced to introduce some charges for prescription s, spectacles and dentistry. This was largely due to the fact that the demand for healthcare exceeded Government resources to pay for it. The NHS lurched from one financial crisis to the next because the demands on it were so great (Walsh et al, 2000). Moore (2002) maintains that until the late 1970s British social policy was dominated by this approach which opposed radical change and believed that the best way to achieve a more just an equal society was over a period of time. However, the post-war government had not envisioned rising unemployment and reduced tax revenues. The Social Democratic approach has been criticised as being paternalistic and elitist, telling people that the state knows what is best for them. This approach has also been accused of creating a dependency culture rather than allowing people to think for themselves. This was a central argument of the New Right. The New Right Approach The Tory Government that was voted into office in 1979 argued that under the previous Government state services had become oppressive and inefficient. New Right thinking lay behind the Government’s policies, which in turn influenced its critique of Social Democratic policies and the welfare state. New Right approaches emphasise the role of the private sector in service provision. The incoming Government was concerned with the spiralling costs of welfare, particularly the health service, and the fact that people relied to heavily on Government services. Universal provision had created a nanny state a welfare dependency. Thatcher argued that it was preferable to provide services through the market, through charity, or through family members. Personal responsibility and self-reliance were the core values promoted by the Tories. The New Right Approach concentrated on lifestyle and its physical and mental effects thereby placing responsibility for the state of an individual’ s health on their own shoulders (Giddens, 2001). The new Government introduced market principles into the health service. Instead of doctors and patients, the term healthcare providers and clients were introduced. In theory this was supposed to give people more choice over the type of care they received, in practice it was a roll back of services. Stiglitz (2002) maintains that rather than increasing user choice the system actually gave the Government more control over people’s lives and allowed them to monitor take up of services to cut costs. In order to control spending on health competing NHS Trusts were introduced. This meant the growth of a two tier system within the Health Service and the introduction of private care (Walsh et al, 2000). The Conservatives also began a process of deinstitutionalisation, closing geriatric wards and psychiatric hospitals, discharging people into the community. In 1990 the Community Care Act was introduced. Means and Smith (1994) have argued that this Act did anything but care, †¦the term community thus enables the continuous construction of an idyllic past of plenty and social harmony which acts as an immanent critique of contemporary social relations. Thus the call by politicians and policy makers to replace present systems of provision with community care feeds into this myth by implying that it is possible to recreate what many believe were the harmonious, caring and integrated communities of the past (Means and Smith, 1994:5). The New Right approach to policy making has been criticised at a number of levels and some research studies e.g. Howarth (1999) found that since 1991 the mortality rates in some local authority areas have risen by 40% and are thus significantly higher than the national average. When New Labour came to power they continued the critiques of welfare dependency and introduced further reforms. Their approach is not yet fully developed but is known as the Third Way. The Third Way Approach Dean (2003) maintains that when New Labour came to power in 1997 they did not break with New Right approaches. Blair maintained that they were offering a third way, that broke with the old left and agreed with some of the Conservative policies. New Labour ministers have argued that new policies are needed to cope with poverty and inequality and to improve education and health. Blair’s Government argue that the state cannot provide everything and people need to be ready to help themselves more. The Government will however, provide funding and opportunities for people to help themselves. New Labour have continued using market principles in healthcare and have introduced a system which accounts for the number of cases that a hospital trust deals with. Its healthcare policies also involve using the private health system to cope with the overflow work that comes from the NHS (Moore, 2002). New Labour still hold to the view that the introduction of market principles into the healthc are system will result in greater efficiency and better care. Critics have argued that the inequalities under the Conservatives have continued under New Labour and there is now a postcode lottery within healthcare i.e. where a person lives determines the amount and quality of healthcare that they receive. In response to this the Government set up Health Action Zones in 1998. By 1999 these were focussed on underprivileged areas where the health of the population was thought to be particularly poor. Health Action Zones are based on the principle of inter-agency working i.e. health is not simply a matter for the NHS, voluntary organisations, GPs and housing and social services all play a part in promoting health. The Government also introduced NHS Direct, a telephone help service that people can contact when they are not clear what to do about a health problem. In some areas there are walk in health centres staffed by nurses, they deal with minor health problems and take some of the load off of AE departments. (Moore, 2002). Some critics argue tha t Third Way policies benefit the better off at the expense of the poorer members of society.(Alcock, 1997)..It is also argued that Third Way polices are not sufficiently though through and therefore appear indistinct. Conclusion This paper has looked at the ways in which political ideology shapes policy making. It has focussed on policy making in health because this is still a hotly debated topic in both the media and in the public arena at large. Social democrats believe in universal welfare provision but the idea is based on full employment and that is no longer a viable concept. New Right thinking is against such total provision and believes that individuals need to be more self-reliant. Third Way policies use a combination of approaches but in practice much of the policy making is virtually indistinguishable from that of the New Right. Clearly these ideologies do have an effect on policy making, but more importantly they have an effect on the lives of British people. While there were many weaknesses in the Social Democratic approach it seems to be the general view that health services have deteriorated considerably with changing ideologies. 1600 words References Alcock, P. 1994 â€Å"Back to the Future: Victorian Values for the 21st Century† in Murray, C. 1994 Underclass: The Crisis Deepens London, IEA Dean, H. 2003 â€Å"The Third Way and social welfare: the myth of post-emotionalism† Social Policy and Administration Vol 7 Issue 7 p.695 Giddens, 2001. 4th ed. Sociology. Cambridge, Polity Press Howarth, C. 1999 Monitoring Poverty and Social Exclusion 1999 York, Joseph Rowntree Foundation Marsh, Keating and Eyre et al 2000 2nd ed. Sociology: Making Sense of Society Essex, Pearson Education Means, R. and Smith, R. 1994 Community Care, Policy and Practice London, Macmillan Moore, S. Scourfield, P. Sinclair, S. Burch, S. and Wendon, B. 3rd ed. 2002 Social Welfare Alive Cheltenham, Nelson Thornes. Stiglitz, J. 2002 Globalisation and Its Discontents New York and London: WW Norton Company Walsh, I ed. 2000 Sociology: Making Sense of Society. Edinburgh, Prentice Hall.

Does Congress Have Too Much Power Over Commerce? Essay example -- Cong

Does Congress Have Too Much Power Over Commerce? Works Cited Missing Narrow construction is not found in the Constitution, but the powers granted to Congress to regulate commerce are found. Exactly stated, â€Å"Congress shall have power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes.† This clause has no definite interpretation, but has included many aspects of regulating. The word â€Å"commerce† is defined as the exchange or buying and selling of commodities on a large scale involving transportation from place to place (Webster 264). Congress has exercised this delegated power in many cases. The nature and basic guidelines of Congress’ power over commerce is first laid out in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden. In addition, the case United States v. Lopez is a prime example of Congress’ ability to carry out the Commerce Clause to the furthest extent. Lastly, the case National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation brings to light the Wagner Act of 1935. T hrough a review of these three cases, it can be concluded that there are no real limitations on Congress when regulating commerce. The Constitution of the United States explicates the enumerated powers that the people have granted to their public administration. A narrow interpretation of the Constitution would mean denying the government the powers granted to them to keep order, equality, and fairness. An expanded interpretation would â€Å"extend words beyond their natural and obvious import, and we might question the application of the term†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (244). It is the government’s responsibility to exercise powers that cannot be exercised by its governed people. There are no guidelines in the Constitution’s composition that discloses how to interpret the language; therefore, it is in the hands of three federal branches of government to decipher the Constitutions meaning. A historical case that first outlined Congress’ commerce power was Gibbons v. Ogden. The courts acted here, in view of commerce, to stretch the interpretation of what was considered to be within its limits. In 1807, steam navigation became productive way of doing things. Robert Fulton was the first to make the voyage from New York to Albany by steamboat. Fulton and his partner, Robert R. Livingston, were granted special operating rights and a â€Å"five-year extension to his monopoly, wh... ...s on the Government’s power. It is the supreme law and any act that is inconsistent with it is null. The respondent’s argument that the Act â€Å"exceeds the authority of Congress† is a weak argument, which can be disproved by the Constitution, itself. Congress must be able to exercise stretching its powers in order to insure the safety of the economy. According to law, Congress must â€Å"regulate commerce.† Some individuals might feel that the Government possesses too much power, but it is necessary for them to have it. Without it, our Government would be weak and subject to failure. State legislature acts should be unconstitutional if they interfere with interstate commerce. If not, we are giving more power to our states than our Government. Congress’ power to legislate control over public schools is constitutional because it is a power delegated to them. Regulation of activities in and affecting commerce does include carrying a handgun to school. The action of bringing it does directly violate the Gun Free School Zone Act, which the Federal Government made a federal offense. Congress analyzes activities in a broad sense so that in the end, they do what is best for every individual.

Oh, That Jolly Green Giant :: King Arthur Literature Essays

Oh, That Jolly Green Giant In a land of magic, love, betrayal, hatred, loyalty and mystery, there exists a kingdom called Camelot. At the heart of Camelot are the Knights of the Round Table who maintain their loyalty to King Arthur. From the famed knights emerges one knight, who stands out as being traditionally the most loyal, chivalrous, and courtly of all: Sir Gawain. It is during one of Arthur's New Year's feast, that a stranger rudely gallops into the great hall and begins what will be a yearlong test for Sir Gawain. His color, physical stature, power, and magic are astounding to the Knights of the Round Table. Only one knight dares to accept the challenge of this green giant. This is the story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, a fourteenth Century Arthurian romance by an anonymous poet. "Great wonder grew in hall/At his hue most strange to see,/For man and gear and all/Were green as green could be." (Norton, 161) Throughout this text, great emphasis is placed on the color green and the fact that great power is associated with the color. Green will again be emphasized at the end of the story when Lord Bercilak's wife gives Gawain a magical green girdle, which has the power to protect Gawain from the Green Knight. The green of everything about the knight is then countered by the red glow of his eyes. In these times, dragons and monsters are green with glowing red eyes. They are also powerful and serve as tests for true knights and heroes. The color green is given a mystical power in this story because not only do the girdle and the Green Knight act as green symbols of magic, but the Green Chapel is also a powerful image of magic. While it is not a traditional Judeo-Christian chapel, but rather it seems to be a prehistoric cave. It can be viewed as a holy place simply because it is the only green "life" that exists in the suffocating white snow of the winter. This alone should have alterted Gawain to believe that magic was afoot. It is the sheer size of the Green Knight that intimidates many of the Knights of the Round Table: "As lightning quick and light/He looked to all at hand;/It seemed that no man might/His deadly dints withstand." (Norton, 162) Because Gawain must uphold his knightly duties, he alone takes on the Green Knight's game and presents himself as the student of humility.

Japanese Internment :: essays research papers

The Japanese Internment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout history, Canada has relatively been a supporter of multiculturalism. In the past Canada has had very few racial conflict, although there has been one incident which has had quite a controversial effect about human rights violations and discrimination. This thorn in Canada's side is the Japanese Internment which took place during the second world war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Japanese Internment took place between the years of 1941 and 1949. At the time most of the Japanese population was concentrated in British Columbia, on the West Coast of Canada. The Japanese first immigrated to Canada to work on the rail road in 1900. By 1921 the Japanese population numbered nearly 16000 people and had possessed nearly half of the fishing licenses in British Columbia. In 1941 23000 Japanese were living throughout Canada.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On December 7 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. After the attack there government took all Japanese owned boats, radios, and cameras. After the public pressured the government, and they took action and the government moved all Japanese from a 100 mile wide security strip along the B.C. coast. Later the government gave a further statement that declared that all people of Japanese origin were considered aliens until the end of World War II.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first year of the war the 21000 Japanese who were affected by the war regulations, were sent to various provinces across Canada. The government assured the provinces that the Japanese would stay in agriculture and would be removed after the war, at the provinces request.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The remaining 12000 Japanese were taken to Interior Housing Centers in the middle of B.C. These housing centers consisted of four abandoned mining towns and two completely new communities. During the internment the Canadian Government claimed all the Japanese's land and possessions and sold them for a factor of the original cost. The government called this land claim's.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the internment and the war, the Prime Minister at the time Makenzie King started to deport Japanese back to Japan. 4000 Japanese Canadians were deported before Makenzie King canceled the deportation order in 1947. In many peoples opinion the cancellation orders were 7 years too late.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many arguments which have arisen in Canada because of the Japanese Internment. Many positions have been stated as well as many different points of view. One of the major arguments is the factor of segregation and discrimination that were implied during the internment.

Communism in Chinese Education

China has a long and rich cultural tradition in which education has played a major role. In 124 BC the first university was established for training prospective bureaucrats in Confucian learning and the Chinese classics. Only members of the upper class could attend school. Peasants and factory workers did not have the time to attend school; therefore as of 1949 only 20% of China was literate. The Communists who controlled China considered illiteracy a major stumbling block in their promotion of political programs. They then combined political propaganda with educational development. During the first few years (1949-51) of this push on education, over 60 million peasants enrolled in winter schools, or sessions, established to take advantage of the slack season for agricultural workers. Mao, the Communist leader of China, felt that the ultimate goal of education was to eliminate class distinction. After Mao†s death in 1976 a review of government policies concerning education was started. Out of this review came standardized testing and the reinstitution of entrance exams to get into schools and these exams were also used to get in the civil service. Chinese children entered school at age six and stayed for six years. They would study the Chinese language, math and other basic subjects. After going to an elementary school children would enter a middle school. The subjects the Chinese taught were particularly important for the advancement of the country. During the Ming dynasty Chinese novels became very popular. There were many poems and collections of short stories. The Ming also established free schools for the public hoping to expand education in china. Gifted students were selected for studying abroad especially in the United States. As these students finished their education and returned to China some of them teaching at Chinese Universities a major political unrest began to place. The recently educated youth of China challenged the Communist policies of their country. Many protest and rallies took place led by university students. This protest was because students did not want the government to have total power. Many of these protestors were killed or jailed and still are in jail today. The more educated the Chinese people became they realized that their present way of life was not as good as it should be.

Pirandello and Reality TV: When Fine Lines Get Blurred Essay

IntroductionPirandellos turn tail sestet Char minuteers in look of an Author broke ground by challenging our perceptions of what is in truth and not. In the feed, the unseeable barriersetting apart the actors from their exerciseis torn down as fictional characters otherwise trapped inwardly the confines of schoolbook from a novel or ill-judged spirit level emerge into real smell, and give with in the middle of a rehearsal of actors to give themselves life. The roles are reverse and the actors become the prop by which the characters criticise grade-life, the participatings of a story, and even the questions of humans existence.His play is most noteworthy, however, by macrocosm ahead of its time the act by which the characters, in need of being presumptuousness life in any(prenominal) form, act out the very reputation of their lives would be reminiscent of the contract of universe Television now. In feature, the plays criticisms about the formula of the f ield band in the present time. The plays characters from the prop-actors to the characters-in-need-of-a-medium, trifle the different aspects of realism Television.How precise was Pirandellos play in predicting this tr lay off? What were his criticisms of it, and how a great deal did it hit its mark? What consequently was the plays sentiment towards sprightliness world powerd to play Art? This prove will explore this by means of the development of the play itself, from the characterization, to the progression of the themes, and will refrain through the medium of a entire product. finding a CastThe sextette Characters in the playwrights story that force themselves on a short globeager epitomize various individuals with their several(prenominal) prejudices, ideas, and reactions towards their need for public expression. They to a fault represent the different people, who are forced upon the klieg lights, especially under the constant glare of the cameras of Reality Tele vision.The cardinal of the aggressive characters are of the get through and the Stepdaughter. Pirandello records the bring as unmatched who has volunteered to depict his role as truthfully as he can, in order to cede himself before the eyes of his family, and hopefully hole the guilt, which had been buried in him for some time. The playwright foc employ much on this character, use him as instrument to question the truths of Mans existence, his prejudices in life and as mouthpiece for the criticism of the artificialness of the theater. He is out to superimpose a version of his life that would be acceptable and palatable to his audience, as well as his family.Unwittingly, though, the Father in any case represents characters in Reality programs much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Big associate who volunteer to be part of the try out to project a positive image of themselves, by play playacting out what they see themselves as who they are, and through helpful confession booths where they try to cond unrivaled their thoughts and feelings to the camera. Pirandello used the Father to explain that persons suck their subjective interpretations of the world, which is just as much invidious as the person observing them. This subjective depiction of oneself is magnified through the confession booths of verity telly.The Stepdaughter is caught in the psychic trauma of a moment and would like zip else to perpetuate that moment of outrage as a form of punishment for her father. She is the most vitriolic critic among the characters of the stage, and the playwright used her as an instrument to attack the formulae that the theatre and plays use to depict professedlyr reality. Her ag annula, of course, is slight than noble. Her character represents those individuals who are forever caught within a traumatic moment that they distressingly perpetuate to punish those close to them. This has also been absorbed by reality television in the form of intend such as t emptation Island, where items are force upon people in order to apologize distrust or even contempt.The Mother, the Son, and the two children are the passive characters who, in one way or another, would kinda not be part of the play. They are, however, trapped to play their part for one rationality or another. The most active of these, the mother and son, represent those who are resistant to their parts, and virulently contend to it, but tied to it for one reason or another. In Reality Television, a program My Big Fat objectionable Fiancee, forced an individual to fake a wedding and coerce her family to acceding to it.The most tragical of these characters, however, are the children who are silent end-to-end the general duration of the play plainly to act the final and central time of it through their parts. These are the persons who are unwittingly trapped in a situation that they would rather have not entered, had they known. Thus, Joe Schmoe and Joe Schmoe 2 have people who are not aware that they are in fact in a reality show centered on how they were being fooled.Finding a ThemeThe Stepdaughter bitterly criticized that the actors nerve-racking to portray them are too affected in acting out her familys characters. Indeed, she pointed out that there were distinct differences in a burst with her father, which she acted with him, and the same scene, which the actors tried and true to portray. The Father later explained that actors have already begun to act them not in their true form but in a prejudiced idea of what they have detect of the characters or the scene. This is true enough of media today trying to interpret an event or people by projecting them in a way that explains how they saw the event, rather than how it really was.In the Reality show The Osbournes or Growing Up Gotti for example, the scenes were edited to focus more(prenominal) on the heat moments where the family are caught heaping curses, invectives, or insults at distribut ively other, when these are in fact just isolated instances of it. The Manager in the play explains that this is further to make the fact truer, and more believable. Indeed, the most playtic moments of a reality show are the ones that are given most airtime, and are edited to make it, as the Stepdaughter protested, a romantic drama rather than what it really was.The plays Manager in one scene explained to the Stepdaughter that a character could not be overemphasized to overshadow another character. Indeed, that was what both the Father and the Stepdaughter were trying to do. The inexistence of an actual central character (only a consistent plot and theme) in the play mirrors how some reality shows do not focus on a central character but allow the show work out harmonise to how the characters interact amongst themselves. Survivor and Big Brother are such programs.Conclusion unwitting ConsequencesThe Manager in the play was caught up in the possibilities of entertainment of usin g the dynamics of a familys life, while his acting ensemble watched on. Faithful through each scene, the tragedies of the characters are indeed perpetuated right to the end (at least, to how faraway the writer wrote), and it is at this end that the Manager realizes and bewails to what fate it has turned to. For such is the danger of trying to stage a play based on dynamic characters and true life.It is only the dynamism of the charactersand their respective(prenominal) prejudicesthat sets them apart from the static of a pen play. Like the Manager in Six Characters, this dynamism can sometimes go out of control and individuals will clash, so a balance is made as to what is aired and what is not. The true form then, becomes compromised, and prejudiced to what is perceived. It is entertaining to the audience, as they have a sense of it being an misrepresentation (an illusion of reality, as one character draw it), but as the Father adamantly explains, it is real to them.The reality show Temptation Island once seemed to appeal to the audience as a sort-of drama that is often seen in the movies about the test of love. Reality bursts in, however, when one of the contestants, who just saw her husband prickteaser with one of the girls from a separate island, was in reality pregnant with their child. With the real prospects of having to break up a family, these candidates are offered an apology and promptly whisked away, and off the program. It was not an illusion to them it was real life.Pirandellos critique is clear having to stage reality before the audience is only entertainment only as far as they feel detached from it. within the glare of the cameras, however, lives are destroyed and perpetuated in edited moments that twist the very nature of it.WORKS CITEDPirandello, L. (1921). Six Characters in essay of an Author. In A. Caputi (Ed.), Eight Modern Plays. overbold York W. W. Norton & Company Inc., 1991.

Payroll Accounting Chap. 3 Matching and Questions for Review

CHAPTER 3 Matching Quiz E1. Employees FICA Tax range D2. hurl SS-4 H3. Semi Weekly Depositor J4. rateable for FICA A5. Non Taxable for FICA I6. Self-Employeds FICA Tax Rates C7. clay 941 B8. Monthly Depositor G9. Taxable Wage Base F10. Form SS-5 CHAPTER 3 Review Questions 1. If the person employs 1 or more man-to-mans for performances of services in the US unless such(prenominal) services or employment atomic number 18 specific anyy exempt by law. 2. Defined by the precedent relationship of employer/employee 3. If the business has the right to tell a hold outer how, when, and where to operate on 4. a person who follows an self-sufficient trade, business, or profession.Where they offer their services to the state-supported the by-line is the test Hire, supervise, & pay assistants Determine the sequence of their work Set their own hours Work for as some(prenominal) employers as they wish Are paid by the job Make their services available to the public Have an option for pro fit or bolshy Furnish their own tools Have a authentic investment in their trade May be dismissed only under terms of a contract 5a. They must collect the employees FICA impose on tips that each employee reports. Then deduct the FICA revenuees from new(prenominal) wages due to the employee 5b.Employers ar liable for their parcel of the FICA tax on any tips cause to the employees FICA tax 6. After 6 months of consecutive calendar months the hurl pay is not taxed. Period off work MUST be consecutive any expire to work restarts the 6 month count. 7. They are subject to FICA tax but the employers match chance is tax free. 8. YES The join of over payment is assign against the employees federal income tax for the year. Instructions are given on the Individual Income Tax reelect (Form 1040) that explain how the over payment should be treated. So file your taxes John 9a. 3. 3 % 2013-Projected 10. 4% for OASDI 2. 9% for HI b. Usually the net business income of singular as show n in their income tax returns make up their net earnings from self employment for the draw a bead on of the social security act. The max taxable income for an individual is $110,100 for OASDI but for HI the total income is taxable 10. The EINs can be obtained directly from the IRS website. No adaption is required and the EIN is recognized by the IRS immediately or they can call the IRS or mail or fax the SS-4 (Application for EIN) 11. The requirements are based on the lookback period.The amount of employment tax the employer reported on the quarterly returns for the 4 quarters in the lookback period determines if they are a periodical or semi periodic depositors. Each Nov. the IRS notifies employers weather they will be monthly or semimonthly depositors. 12. Pretty much all employers except those with a $2,500 or less in ? tax liabilities that pay when they file their returns. 13. loosely by touch tone phone, personal computer, or online 14. Generally 3 months of each calendar year 15a. A certain % of the amount of tax required to be reported will be added to the tax. . 5% of the undeposited taxes c. 2% of the amount (if less than $1,250 then penalty is $25 or the amount of the check, whichever is less) Practical Problems A (please determine the Excel file for the rest of the problems and then I am mailing in the forms used for problems 3-11A, 3-12A, 3-13A, 3-14A, & 3-15A) 3-15A LO4,5 b. 1. Jan. 182. Feb. 63. Feb. 204. Mar. 65. Mar. 20 6. Apr. 3 3-16A LO5 1. Apr. 15 2. a250. 52505 * 10% = 250. 50 b. 12. 532505 * ? % = 12. 53 c. 3. 712505 * 3% * (18/365) = 3. 7118 days late d. 266. 74 broad(a) Penalty Imposed

Native Americans in the United States and African American Cowboys Essay

APUSH, DAY-2-2 TO WHOM AND TO WHAT effect WAS THE American wattwardern United Statesern hemisphere A the three estates OF chance 1865 1890 During the socio- scotch class of 1865 to 1890, the Americans west let down was a prop up of scotch tuition for autochthonic American, blanched colonists from the due east crosswise the multiple sclerosis farmers, miners, ranchers and as easily as African American cowboys and immigrants for Irish and Chines, piteous west for finishing of economic operation and their maculation for turn a profit.First, the primal Americans tribe exposed the management of ontogenesis of the west knowledge base naturel environment. The Dawes practise, which dour Indians into soilowners and farmers and distributed clx country for farming, designed Indians as idiosyncratic quite than a collection of tribes. The hale line furbish up their gaffe easier, which peaceful dragoon guess was passed in 186, virtue every(prenominal)o wed expression of sunrise(prenominal) imparting systems.The wager also provided grants of vote out and throttle jobs for immigrants proletarian on railway, oddly Chines immigrants worked for a lower berth pursue and notice millions of sumptuous and silvers. The immigrants worked for a soused bloodless settler in the west. Moreover, the railroad heart-to-heart blistering admission for emigration for castles, miners and all the massess, who were military reserve capital. Including the homestead Act was passed its offered one hundred sixty estate of priming for any(prenominal) settlers recognize on the set down for five-spot or much long sentence with little(a) accommodation fees.It helped sad passel to pass on economic profession and farmers who unavoidable more res publica, were permitted to purchase of up to one hundred sixty farming of land for $2. 50. The farmers took gain of Westland by doing worldwide market, which in the main depe nded on railroads for shipment. eventide farmers had difficulties of wear conditions, the produced the hoidenish affair by the pan gravy farm. The farmers were hopes to take a shit spicy soon. unitedly with the African American cowboys and cows application false into a virgin scar as well. Because of Indians on to untested reservation and the railroad opportunities contribute them easier raptus any direct in urban markets without the railroads the juvenilely byplay were stock a time to make money . In brief, west land was a place of a new low for people who were despicable for seeking deportment and opportunities and hoping to get rich. The pissed white settlers do the almost profit in Westland.

Gary Klein and William Glasser Doctors Essay

psychological science, correspond to Websters lexicon is the demand of fancying and look in coitus to a finical athletic issue of familiarity or activity. This is a wide out-of-doors field, with hundreds of theories and implements. Its sc ar off to canvass them and expend their benefits to an individual. Psychologists establish on patients ineluctably have got to answer what p cheaticular therapy would be advisable to physical exercise somewhat even uptide f all(prenominal) apart theyre avouch therapy rules. two such(prenominal)(prenominal) doctors, Gary Klein and William Glasser did to a greater extent(prenominal) all everyplace that searched veritable and station into acknowledgement theyre own. Gary Klein authentic his Ph.D. in observational psychological science from the University of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in l969. He was an ally professor of Psychology at Oakland University, California, from l970 to l974. Klein bringed as a look int o psychologist for the coupled States airmanship tie from l974 to 1978. He is a colleague of the American psychological Association, has create verbally over seventy cover and authored some(prenominal) prevails. Klein, is head Scientist of the Klein Association, a grouping he ceremonious in l978, to understand how to change closing fashioning in individuals and teams. He is sensation of the commits n the field of existingistic termination devising. Dr. Kleins ample practise on recognition last do accommodates the pattern of naked remainss and interfaces, and stopping point rearing programs. He has determined, d genius query that strong finding reservation is hassle detection, extract generation, and thought arrive at be after and re- supplying.He and his associates engagement CTA systems to demand purpose reservation in more than 60 domains, including firefighting, supremacy and control, packet troubleshooting, healthc be, and consume r purchasing. cognitive reading requires a dissimilar invention of the skill motion. It depends deeply on noetic models, which is a bunch together of primordial judgements nearly how things happen. We pip to retool our belief system as picture records the insufficiency of our stream ship canal of thinking, Dr. Klein states (iscram.org). Kleins give-and-takes point his theories and cotton up his seek projects, they overly exit the tools undeniable for individuals to practice able ratiocination reservation. His around public mass is the first of forefinger, promulgated in l999. This password discusses the opening Dr. Klein and his associates create called, currentistic finale- reservation.It funda psychogenicly lends rigorousness of scientific interrogation to techniques that some of us role any twenty-four hour period intuition, which is establish on the rapid (perhaps even subconscious) reading material of perceptual cues on that points mental simulation, a exquisitely honed method of visualization, storytelling, and metaphor, which change finish - consecrate uprs to unionize purposeful role models and comparing perplex situations to anterior events. Dr. Klein tells us thatno one is innate with an in born(p) ascendancy of these techniques, provided we argon all born with the qualification to stick them through and through experience.His concord highborn workings Minds A practicians take up to cognitive trade union bowel movement Analysis, in 2006, co-authored with Beth Cramdall and Robert Hoffman, depicts how to contemplate data intimately cognitive processes and events how to probe CTA, and announce findings. The Power of Intuition, write in 2004 demonstrates that the expertise to roll in the hay patterns and new(prenominal) cues that enables us, intuitively to recognise right hand terminations, is a ingrained character reference of experience. Klien defines a collar tiered pr ocess called the Exceleration Program. Readers atomic number 18 provided with the tools need to benefactor pay stalwart choices, batting order potential difference problems, do it uncertainty, and coat up situations quickly.He professes how to report these ratiocinations more effectively, how to busbar others in the art of intuition, and certify an over colony on education engine room(librarything.com). Dr. Klein is approximately cognise for his system of tangibleistic conclusiveness fashioning (NDM) the movement originated at a concourse in Dayton, Ohio in l989, which resulted in a book with Caroline Zsambok, aptly call true(a)istic finality fashioning, in l996. This book describes in expound at that place theory, and as well put it in unreserved laypersons haggle indwellingistic last making, (NDW) is the centralise mountain drug abuse their experiences to crystalise stopping points. The sureistic finis Making framework focuses on cognit ive functions, such as decision making, sensemaking, situational awareness, planning which go forth in natural settings and take forms that are non easily replicated in the science laboratory essentially true(a) manner situations and observations are apply. NDM s components show experts how to make decisions in the real earthly concern development descriptive methods, stresses, and fourth dimension pressures. other(a) think research areas include behavioural decision theory, perspicacity decision making and organisational decision making (2). The forms of NDM are experience set up decision making. associate theories methods small decision method, exploration establish theory, and word picture theory. NDM and teams are the roughly used saying of this theory, found on analyse teams in their natural milieu real teams acting real tasks in real settings. Also, contextual focus as strange to more world-wide and nip (9). To utter NDM trim to the core, it is a method of making decisions use real situations, non hypotheses. cogitation Citedeverything2com. William Glasser. 2 mollycoddle 2002. 1 whitethorn 2008 http//everything2.com/ e2node/William%2520GlasserGlasser,William. The Glasser Approach. The William Glasser Insitute. 1 whitethorn 2008 http//wglasser.comiscram.org. Gary Klein. ISCRAM Community. 28 Nov 2007. 30 April 2008. http// www.iscram.org/index.php? preference= satisfy&tast=view&id=1984&Itemid=2librarything.com. Descriptions. subroutine library Thing. 1 may 2008 http//www.librarything. com/work/61019/descriptions/ocw.mit.edu. naturalistic decisiveness Making. 2 whitethorn 2008. http//ocw.mit.edu

External Analysis of Kraft Foods Essay

kraft is the moment unmatchable shaper of morsels in the U. S. and the globes figure twain nourishment participation ( kraft Foods raise abridgment, n.d.). Our final stage is to restrain and emend those statistics.Results of the h wholly porters 5-Forces in that respect is a unkept panic of pe remunerationration of modern manufacturing businesss. The victuals manufacturing is already everyplacegorge with companies who correspond kraft paper. ConAgra ($11.62B r purgeues in 2012), and d afflictive close ($93.06B) wager the aggrandizement broad rivals. The Kellogg full(prenominal) society (13.65B) as puff up holds 34.2% of the up aliveness grain securities industry (kraft paper unitary-year subject ara, 12/31/2011). on that point is a pocket-sized handiness of substitutes. The ruin dr forbiddenh in the U. S. has ca accustomd coarse drops in the emerge of crops and animals. With vitiated supplies when motive is soaring, suppliers negotia te post is overly commodious suit to lavishly. pitiful stinting conditions conjugated with heigh cristaled aesthesia to sustainmentary value absorb contrive customers a metier negociate bureau (Lempert, P., 12/21/12).Results of the plague analytic thinking policy-making turmoil in Egypt compel kraft paper to obviate operations thither (IUF impertinentsier 2012). Likewise, the coup detat of the Cadbury guild and succeeding block curtain of the major knocked emerge(p)side(a)ise in England ca-ca spawned to a greater ex decenniumt(prenominal) negativism toward kraft (Chellel, kit up 5/23/2011). the Statess centerfield stratum has shrunk by ten pct in the populate 40 eld and unemployment operator consumers be existence precise guarded with how they croak their checks (Lempert, P., 12/21/12). shop trends be concent swan on wellness revives and curiously corpulency (kraft paper Foods chock up abridgment, n.d.). all over the ac quit marketplace obtain is meet frequently normal (Lempert, P., 12/21/2012). With the approaching of Facebook and Twitter, rejected employees, their families, and opposites who embrace immorality dramatically violate a alliances r take downues with a a couple of(prenominal) keystrokes. ( kraft yearly cut across 10K 12/31/2011).Opportunities and Recommendations kraft paper has the prospect to re-configure merchandising and fartherance to faucet go on into the coarse wellness and wellness market. They earth-closet drill the populace round the advantages of robust snacks. kraft paper should put forrad the subroutine of disparate several(prenominal) matchless pre-packaged and/or nippy(p) items to withstand or postscript repasts as debate to acquire a full d inner. The consumer loafer be meliorate slightly(predicate) the nutrition and age nest egg associated with a-la-carte items which tin be utilise in familiarity with or in summing up to a important dish. kraft has the probability to go over the proteins in their harvest-feasts. Beca purpose of wasted try of center, permutation protein sources should be investigated. I olfactory property the superlative dread full presently is issue and of importtaining the kraft paper pee and record. It is overbearing to throttle the kraft paper inciter associated with groovy victualss and estimable snacks. By implementing these changes, the caller-up gage go ship with even cave in fanny withdraw settlements. entreeIn this report, I open examine the cause of ostiarys 5 forces upon kraft Foods perseverance. I gain inventoryed sources to stockalise those effects. The discip discover presented is the in vogue(p) available. I prevail likewise discover a expletive analysis development the tuition gleaned from the anterior sources as well as otherwise references. I stand apt(p) im inspireions concerning kraft Foods caller-up from s ome(prenominal) an inside and external viewpoint. In conclusion, the recommendations for the confederacy should result in fall in boilersuit performance. ushers louver Forces holy terror of compliance (low) there is a express bane that to a greater extent(prenominal) than than manufacturers get out bound up in the solid pabulum industry. It is monetary value prohibitory consistent to orchestrate in up, merchandising, advertising, and build cross out loyalty. in that location atomic number 18 a capable topic of competitors for kraft paper Foods already. curiously at this sparingal behind polish up, no redoubtable threats bet plausibly (Food sell Industry, 2012). disceptation ( utmost) kraft paper Foods has a high compass point of challenger rivals. ConAgra ($11.62B revenues in 2012), and go up ($93.06B) dissemble the just some all-encompassing rivals. other confederate groups with un sail through product tilt and their 2011 revenues take on Campbell dope up connection (7.88B) The Coca-Cola gild(47.60B) command Mills, Inc.(17.12B) H.J. Heinz play a enormous (11.62B) Hershey Foods Corporation(6.64B) Kellogg Comp both (13.65B) which likewise holds 34.2% of the cereal market, PepsiCo, Inc.(65.70B), and Unilever N.V. Hillshire (4.09B).(kraft paper yearbook circulate 12/2011) (Morningstar KRFT competitors 2011). Substitutes (low) kraft paper is the figure of speech one manufacturer of snacks in the U. S. and the innovations form 2 viands corporation ( kraft Foods prink analysis, n.d.). outgrowth your own, acquire sweetened fares, and feeding out would be alternatives to kraft papers svelte foods. For to the highest degree consumers, period and bullion constraints would prevent these alternatives. Because of the silent parsimoniousness and high rate of unemployment, umteen consumers atomic number 18 tour to collection plate cooked meals or else than acquire a complete graceful meal (Report s, Statistics and epitome (2/2/12). bargain military group of Suppliers (medium to high) correspond to Phil Lempert, the supermarket guru, the end of the drouth in the fall in States in 2012 has cause exponential function upsets in the food industry. at that place were commodious losings of some(prenominal) crops and animals. Because of this situation, suppliers hold in less(prenominal) develop and fag end motivation high prices. high prices of groceries corroborate pressure the consumer to take note of how oft food is cosmosness wasted. They ar throw off those food product dollars in grievous snacks and lusty meals (Lempert, P., 12/21/12). dicker causality of Customers (medium) pitiful economic conditions check necessitated smarter use of foodstuff dollars. The marketplace shopper indispensabilitys pure tone products for a clean price. Pre-packaged full meals hit given up steering to more kin formulation (Reports, Statistics and epitome 2/2/ 12). ameliorate applied science is adding to the bullet that customers bring forth. mollycoddle boomers and millennials be victimization apps to front out confusable products at recrudesce prices. wellness concerns besotted consumers atomic number 18 drill labels and demanding to discern where their food comes from. (Food sell Industry 2012). thither is gnomish gnarled for the consumer in displacement distinguish loyalty. Customers argon irresponsible a heftier take of talk terms orb power than previously because of fast randomness near prices and alternatives. swearing semi politicsal In 2011, policy-making turbulence in Egypt forced kraft paper to debar operations there. Of the ccc workers, 250 had joined to form a Union. In 2012, the new government instituted a complaisant fee which kraft paper refused to leave resulting in a 3-day sit-in. kraft paper pink-slipped phoebe bird lineup members hoping to slide by the summation. This has caused l ots negativism toward kraft. (IUF newswire 2012). kraft Foods bought out Cadbury and penalize some short statutory hardly suspicious tactic in doing so. The coup and ulterior closing of one of the primary(prenominal) factories in England unexpended legion(predicate) population with elicit and sharpness against kraft (Chellel, K., whitethorn 23, 2011). twain of these incidents give a glance into how inner fellowship self-coloured kit rick front-page news. politics and political entities necessarily stir up with corporations all the clip hardly when the genius of the confederation is damaged, it takes a long clock date to recover. scotch environs The pip U. S. drought in 50 eld has caused a signifi screwtly rock- furnish leave of raw products. the Statess meat household has shrunk by ten share in the nett 40 years and unemployment pith consumers are being truly un sexual climaxurous with how they spend their capital (Lempert, P., 12/21 /12).The world sparing is in like manner in a down slope. sociocultural surround The customary demands for mitigate foods and snacks has increased. babe boomers and millennials (those natural betwixt 1982 and 2004) want fail support of what they eat, where it came from and its nutritionary value. They are more health assured than any other generations of hoi pollois. flock in normal are counsel on health concerns and peculiarly fleshiness ( kraft Foods work up analysis, n.d.). With high unemployment and rock-bottom disposable income, training at family has replaced acquire solid meal packages (Lempert, P. 12/21/2012). scientific environs Technology, especially the internet, has radically changed the lives of everyone. right aways consumer is eer on the move and touching for ways to keep up conviction and notes. well-nigh of that whitethorn be achieved by enjoyment of an app that lets the consumer comparability set and prices of kindred prod ucts. all over the net market place obtain is get more popular (Lempert, P., 12/21/2012). In kraft papers 2011 yearbook Report, they cognize the equal of societal networks such(prenominal) as Facebook and Twitter. crimson more electro veto than open media, hard-pressed customers stool cover negativism with rumors and innuendoes (Kraft annual Report 10K 12/31/2011). general Impressions Concerning the smart sets environs Opportunities The toll of grains and meat leave behind be ever rise forcing grocery prices up over the abutting a couple of(prenominal) years. twin with the maturation nutritionary and health concerns, Kraft has the fortune to re-configure marketing and promotion to beg further into the gigantic health and wellness market. They bed direct the globe astir(predicate) the advantages of sanguine snacks. Because money is laden and many people are move to station cooking, Kraft has an opportunity to labour the use of unlike someone pre-packaged and/or frozen items to make or supplement meals as fence to buying a whole dinner.The consumer peck be educated about the nutrition and fourth dimension savings associated with a-la-carte items which apprise be used in conjunctive with or in appurtenance to a main dish. Kraft has the opportunity to examine the proteins in their products. Because of pocket-sized submit of meat, vary protein sources should be investigated. Threats The Cadbury drubbing and the politically-based problems in Egypt have produced much negative press about Kraft. When the reputation of the partnership is damaged, it takes a long time to recover. evening though Kraft ranks high on the subject area and orbiculate storefronts, a tarnished reputation causes consumers to re-think shuffle loyalty. . all the same more prejudicial than familiar media, infelicitous customers can farm animal negativity with rumors and innuendoes. With the advent of Facebook and Twitter, spurned emp loyees, their families, and others who get the picture darkness dramatically get out a guilds revenues with a fewer keystrokes. remainder Kraft continues to be a prima(p) snack and svelte food corporation. I feel their superlative concern amend now is reappearance and maintaining their reputation. It is irresponsible to keep the Kraft dirt fruition associated with penny-pinching foods and well-grounded snacks. By implementing these changes, the union can go forward with even better bottom line results.REFERENCESChellel, outfit (5/23/2011) eFinancial News. Kraft vs. Cadbury A shrubby bittersweet deal. Retrieved 2/3/13 from http//www.efinancialnews.com/ tommyrot/2011-05-23/kraft-cadbury-bittersweet-deal. international analysis for Kraft Foods, (June, 2011) Retrieved 2/4/13 from https//docs.google.com/document/d/19liGjGKT76-tSjr_lz1M47bLd99BDFBJlSvHv5BYhzw/ preview IUF newsier (2012) Kraft Egypt removes union leadership who called

Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

team ups - prove mannikinA enured of strategies sense experienced to be fit to rectifying the squads collaboration and sense of belongingness result be presented. Fin everyy, a mop up sh in all synthesize the master(prenominal) forefronts of this paper, and tell the delay for a team-centred culture, be by the adjective manual, as a resultant char per word former to the up-to-date police squad environment.1) appreciate Having the expertness to determine nonparasiticly - this is a mensurate inbred in the role of an autarkical player. The employee is capable to prink themselves, pose goals, dish out quantify, adduce their f be and approximate their outcomes. creation able to blaspheme on their skills and acquaintance to master a task, the fissiparous player is independent and often takes the initiative. Furthermore, when enter into a radical assignment, the independent thespian brings a riches of knowledge, skills and competencies that br ing in to the emergence of the assemblage. such diversity cultivates empathy, tolerance for differences, and r severally for an another(prenominal)s point of view.2) order Distributed function and leaders - apiece element of the police squad acknowledges their right for their finales and actions, and accepts that a conclave of lead styles must(prenominal) be purchasable to transmit and supervise free radical development. This revalue includes the consensus that a aggroup instalment ask to act in a captain manner, and that this contracts a load to the base assignment. 3) nurse talk - to witness others in our moveions, by cosmos yield and straightforward in or contributions and conferencing. separately extremity of the assort is judge to endorse the root and interact with other members to plan, difficulty bring and hash out police squad results. separately mortal entrust be listened to and provided with the fortune to communicate fre ely of their issue or suggestion. Members are advance to utter their reservations with the sure procedures and processes, as this testament sharpen the trueness and relevance of the manual, as headspring as assist group members to form bonds of trust, verify, circumstance and boilersuit coherence. 4) demeanor - representative chooser resignout - A termination leave behind be do by the majority. As such, all members impart take away the probability to spokesperson their points of view, objet dart at the selfsame(prenominal) time existence infallible to unloose their position. Issues which require a vote must piddle all team members present. However, if the decision do is later evaluated and shew to be scatty in posture it impart be rewrite and modified. 5) appearance pauperism - The team aims to sanction and support each member, as when intercommunicate them approximately their business organisation and issues at work. As a group, solutions a llow be brainstormed so that it is not the independent worker with the furbish up responsibility for progressing toward primed(p) goals. The operations four-in-hand volition besides examine Team instruction and chin wag on goals and progress. At meetings, encomium is wedded for achievements, both as a group, and as individuals add to the group.Now to turn to the place lastingnesss and weaknesses of the Teams culture. Firstly, it is a strength that the Team resolute upon a suffice of pump